江门中微子实验中心探测器结构设计

朱忠义; 李华峰; 衡月昆; 马骁妍; 钱晓辉; 阁东东; 秦凯; 何伟

doi:10.13206/j.gjgS26080701

江门中微子实验中心探测器结构设计

doi: 10.13206/j.gjgS26080701

1. 北京市建筑设计研究院股份有限公司, 北京 100045;
2. 中国科学院高能物理所, 北京 100040

详细信息

作者简介:
朱忠义，博士，主要从事大跨空间结构设计研究。Email：1027311973@qq.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-08-07

Structural Design of the Central Detector for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory

1. Beijing Institute of Architectural Design, Beijing 100045, China;
2. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100040, China

摘要

摘要: 江门中微子实验（JUNO）是我国主导的新一代大型液体闪烁体探测器，旨在通过2万t液闪靶物质精确测定中微子质量顺序并开展多领域前沿研究。针对中心探测器超大体量、超高精度及极低放射性本底的严苛要求，采用了不锈钢单层网壳与有机玻璃球构成的两层嵌套型探测器新构型，采用纯水替代白油作为屏蔽介质，并以网壳取代封闭球壳，以高性价比实现探测器由千吨级向万吨级跨越。重点阐述了中心探测器的结构设计关键技术。首先，针对有机玻璃球在巨大浮力下的受力难题，提出了荷载效应调整方法，通过优化内外液位高差及可调节构件轴向刚度的空间铰，将撑杆内力严格控制在安全限值范围内。其次，为解决结构整体稳定性问题，设计了铰-刚接转换节点，有效提升了有机玻璃球的抗旋转刚度，非线性分析表明结构具有较高的稳定性。第三，攻克了有机玻璃与不锈钢异种材料连接难题，研发了预埋不锈钢环的高强铰接节点，经足尺模型试验验证，其极限承载力达到设计载荷的6倍以上。第四，建立了包含围岩、结构及流体的精细化模型，通过两阶段分析法完成了考虑流固耦合效应的地下空间结构地震响应分析，验证了探测器抗震安全。最后，提出了液闪置换灌装法，通过同步控制液位高差与介质置换，确保了灌装全过程的结构受力安全。
- 江门中微子实验 /
- 中心探测器 /
- 有机玻璃球 /
- 不锈钢网壳 /
- 结构设计 /
- 流固耦合 /
- 液体灌装
Abstract: The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory （JUNO） is a next-generation large-scale liquid scintillator detector led by China. It aims to precisely determine the neutrino mass ordering and conduct cutting-edge research across multiple fields using a 20000-ton liquid scintillator target. To meet the stringent requirements of the central detector regarding its massive scale， ultra-high precision， and extremely low radioactive background， this project innovatively proposed a novel two-layer nested detector configuration consisting of a single-layer stainless steel reticulated shell and an acrylic sphere. This configuration utilizes pure water instead of white oil as the shielding medium and replaces the traditional closed spherical shell with a reticulated shell， achieving a cost-effective leap from kiloton-scale to ten-thousand-ton-scale liquid scintillator detectors. This paper focuses on the key structural design technologies of the central detector. 1） To address the mechanical challenges of the acrylic sphere under immense buoyancy， a load effect adjustment method was proposed. By optimizing the elevation difference between the internal and external liquid levels and developing a spatial hinge whose axial stiffness can be adjusted to regulate the strut forces， the internal forces of the struts were strictly maintained within safe limits. 2） To resolve the issue of overall structural stability， a hinged-rigid conversion joint was designed to effectively enhance the anti-rotational stiffness of the acrylic sphere. Nonlinear analysis demonstrated that the structure exhibited a high stability coefficient. 3） The challenge of connecting heterogeneous materials with vastly different properties （acrylic and stainless steel） was overcome by developing a high-strength hinged joint with an embedded stainless steel ring. Full-scale model tests verified that its ultimate bearing capacity was more than six times the design load. 4） A refined model encompassing the surrounding rock， the structure， and the fluid was established. A two-stage analysis method was employed to conduct seismic response analysis considering fluid-structure interaction （FSI） in underground spaces， confirming the seismic safety of the system. Finally， a replacement filling method for the liquid scintillator was proposed. By synchronously controlling the liquid level difference and medium displacement， the structural safety throughout the entire filling process was ensured.
- Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory （JUNO） /
- central detector /
- acrylic sphere /
- stainless steel reticulated shell /
- structural design /
- fluid-structure interaction （FSI） /
- liquid filling

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参考文献(15)

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