钢柱-组合楼盖空间框架抗火性能有限元分析

王文君; 丁发兴; 蒋彬辉; 余志武; 刘劲

doi:10.13206/j.gjgS25103001

钢柱-组合楼盖空间框架抗火性能有限元分析

doi: 10.13206/j.gjgS25103001

1. 湖南城市学院陶粒混凝土技术研发与应用湖南省工程研究中心, 湖南益阳 413000;
2. 中南大学土木工程学院, 长沙 410075

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（51978664，52008159）。

详细信息

作者简介:
王文君,博士,讲师,主要从事钢-混凝土组合结构研究。

通讯作者:
丁发兴,博士,教授,dinfaxin@csu.edu.cn。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-10-30

Finite Element Analysis on the Fire Resistance of Space Frames with Steel Columns and Composite Floor Systems

1. Hunan Engineering Research Center of Development and Application of Ceramsite Concrete Technology, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413000, China;
2. School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China

摘要

摘要: 已有空间框架火灾试验中，构件产生了较大的变形但整体结构仍未倒塌。因此，研究考虑结构整体性能的空间框架的抗火性能，对保证整体结构的安全和节约建筑防火成本具有重要意义。已有关于空间框架的有限元研究中，钢柱与钢梁采用梁单元，难以模拟受约束梁柱的局部屈曲行为，混凝土楼板采用壳单元，难以模拟其厚度方向温度场非均匀引起的膨胀变形。而采用壳单元模拟钢梁，实体单元模拟混凝土板时，能较好地解决上述问题。此外，已有关于单个构件的有限元研究中，混凝土采用热-力-时本构，钢材采用热-力本构模型，有限元计算变形与破坏形态与试验吻合更好。因此，采用壳-实体单元与混凝土热-力-时本构与钢材热-力本构模型相结合的有限元模型，对钢柱-组合楼盖空间框架结构体系的火灾试验进行了模拟，有限元计算的梁、板、柱温度和变形与试验结果吻合良好，且混凝土板应力云图能较好地反映火灾下钢筋混凝土板发生大变形时，板顶开裂而板底较为完好的试验现象。所建立的合理有限元模型可为后续开展组合空间框架结构的抗火分析及提出抗火设计方法奠定基础。
- 钢柱-组合楼盖空间框架 /
- 有限元分析 /
- 单元类型 /
- 材料本构 /
- 抗火性能
Abstract: In existing fire tests on space frames， significant deformations were observed in the components， yet the overall structure did not collapse. Therefore， studying the fire resistance of space frames while taking into account the overall performance of the structure is of paramount importance for ensuring the safety of the entire structure and reducing building fire protection costs. In existing finite element （FE） studies on space frames， beam elements were typically used to model steel columns and beams， which made it difficult to simulate the local buckling behavior of constrained beams and columns. For concrete slabs， shell elements were adopted， but they struggled to capture the expansive deformation induced by the non-uniform temperature field along the thickness direction. In contrast， the aforementioned issues were effectively addressed by employing shell elements for steel beams and solid elements for concrete slabs. Furthermore， in existing FE studies on individual components， when the thermal-mechanical-time constitutive relation was applied to concrete and the thermal-mechanical constitutive relation was used for steel， the FE calculation results for deformation and failure modes agreed more closely with the test results. Therefore， this study adopted an FE model combining shell-solid elements， along with the thermal-mechanical-time constitutive relation for concrete and the thermal-mechanical constitutive relation for steel， to simulate the fire test of the space frame with steel columns and composite floor systems. The FE calculation results for the temperature and deformation of beams， slabs， and columns were in good agreement with the test results. Moreover， the stress contour plot of the concrete slab accurately reflected the test phenomenon where the top surface of the reinforced concrete slab cracked while the bottom remained relatively intact when the slab underwent large deformation under fire. The well-established FE model can provide a solid foundation for subsequent fire resistance analysis of composite space frames and the development of fire resistance design methods.
- space frame with steel columns and composite floor systems /
- finite element analysis /
- element type /
- material constitutive relation /
- fire resistance

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