Key Techniques for the Installation of Stiffening Girders in the Jixin Yellow River Three Gorges Bridge
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摘要: 为解决山区深切峡谷复杂地形条件下大跨悬索桥加劲梁安装难题,依托济新黄河三峡大桥工程,针对桥址区U形峡谷道路运输受限、黄河水位年变幅达30 m且无通航条件的特殊工况,开展了大跨度悬索桥加劲梁安装技术创新研究,提出“化整为零+现场总拼,模块运输+智能缆索吊装”的总体施工方案:将每节钢桁梁单元分解为上弦杆、下弦杆、腹板、桥面板、上横梁、下横梁等58个单元件在工厂加工,经汽车运输至现场钢梁拼装场,采用“3+1”总拼预拼技术,拼装成一个标准吊装单元;研制专用多轴模块运输车实施峡谷内节段倒运,大幅提升了运输效率;采用智能缆索吊装系统实现毫米级定位精度,吊装速度达2节段/d;针对缆索吊盲区创新采用“支架法+荡移法”组合工艺,通过液压同步控制系统实现最大63°倾角、15 m水平位移的精准就位。实践表明:该技术体系成功克服了峡谷运输通道受限、水位变化影响吊装窗口期等难题,全桥34个钢桁梁节段安装精度控制在±2 mm以内,施工周期较传统工艺缩短了20%,主要关键项点一次验收合格率达100%。研究验证了模块化运输与智能缆索吊装技术在深切峡谷悬索桥施工中的适用性,提出的荡移法有效拓展了缆索吊装作业范围,形成的成套技术可为类似峡谷桥梁工程提供重要参考,具有显著的经济效益与推广价值。Abstract: To address the challenges of installing stiffening girders for long-span suspension bridges in mountainous deep canyons with complex terrain, this study conducted innovative research on construction techniques based on the Jixin Yellow River Three Gorges Bridge project. Confronting special conditions including restricted road transportation in U-shaped valleys, 30-meter annual water level variations of the Yellow River, and non-navigable waterways, this paper proposed an integrated construction scheme of "modular decomposition + on-site assembly, component transportation + intelligent cable lifting". Key technical solutions include: 1) factory prefabrication of each steel truss segment into 58 components (upper/lower chords, webs, deck panels, upper/lower crossbeams), followed by road transportation to on-site assembly yards for "3+1" preassembly into standard lifting units; 2) the development and deployment of specialized multi-axle modular transporters for segment transportation within the canyon significantly improved transport efficiency; 3) an intelligent cable lifting system was implemented, achieving millimeter-level positioning accuracy at a rate of 2 segments per day; 4) an innovative "scaffolding + swing method" combination for cable lifting blind zones, enabling precise placement through hydraulic synchronization control for a maximum inclination of 63° and horizontal displacement of 15 m. Practical results demonstrated that the vertical installation accuracy was within ±2 mm for all 34 segments, the construction period was reduced by 20%, and the structure achieved a 100% acceptance rate in the initial inspection. The research validated the applicability of modular transportation and intelligent lifting techniques in deep-canyon suspension bridges, while the swing method effectively extended cable lifting coverage. The developed integrated technical system provides a valuable reference for similar canyon bridge projects, demonstrating significant economic benefits and promotion potential.
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