Research on the Stability of Sorbite Stainless Steel Temporary Large-Screen Scaffolding with Pin-Type Joints Under Horizontal Loading
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摘要: 北京冬奥会作为大型国际性赛事,采用了大量脚手架用于临时看台或舞台的搭建。以插销式索氏体不锈钢脚手架临时大屏支承架体为研究对象,设计并制作了两跨一榀的足尺模型,通过单向水平加载研究其在上部载重为0.0、0.5、1.5、2.5 kN/m2工况下的滑移模式、位移响应及应变分布,绘制荷载-位移曲线得到结构滑移荷载;选取赛区当地8~12级风力作用作为试验对照,验证架体结构在实际工程应用时的安全性与稳定性。结果表明:在整个加载过程中,架体结构未出现明显滑移现象,各节点处均未发生明显变形,架体结构变形以倾覆为主。临时大屏支承在无配重与底部配重为0.5 kN/m2工况下,底排立杆与支座间产生缝隙;在底部配重为1.5、2.5 kN/m2工况下,当荷载分别为5.32、4.16 kN时,底排立杆与支座仍始终紧密贴合。在实际工程中,可采用增加结构配重的方式减小缝隙以增加抗倾覆能力。由于试验施加的外荷载远高于实际的风荷载作用,因此结构体系具有较大的安全储备。Abstract: As a large-scale international event, the Beijing Winter Olympics adopted a a large number of scaffolding for the construction of temporary stands or stages. This study takes a sorbite stainless steel temporary large-screen scaffolding support frame with pin-type joints as the research object. A 2×1 full-scale model was designed and fabricated. Unidirectional horizontal loading tests were conducted to investigate its slip pattern, displacement response, and strain distribution under upper loading conditions of no load, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 kN/m2. The load-displacement curves were plotted, and the structural slip loads were obtained. The local wind force of 8-12 levels in the competition zone was selected for experimental comparison to verify the safety and stability of the frame structure in practical engineering applications. The results showed that during the whole loading process, no obvious slippage occurred in the frame structure, and no noticeable deformation was observed at any of the joints. The primary form of structural deformation was overturning. Under the conditions of no counterweight and a bottom counterweight of 0.5 kN/m2, a gap was observed between the bottom row of uprights and the support. In contrast, under the conditions of 1.5 kN/m2 and 2.5 kN/m2 bottom counterweights, the bottom row of uprights remained tightly fitted to the support during the testing, even when loads reached 5.32 kN and 4.16 kN, respectively. In practical engineering, increasing the structural counterweight can be adopted to reduce gaps and enhance the anti-overturning capacity. Since the external load applied in the test was much higher than the actual wind load, the structural system possessed a substantial safety margin.
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