Research on Key Technology of Design and Construction of Simple Fabricated Special-Shaped Column and Its Steel Frame Structure System in Villages and Towns

With the development of villages and towns, the residents of villages and towns have a higher level of demand for housing, and the importance of prefabricated building and green construction in new rural construction is gradually increased. The author′s team put forward a new simple prefabricated special-shaped column and its steel frame structure system for low-rise residential buildings in villages and towns. Firstly, this paper describes the structure, joint form and characteristics of the new recommended prefabricated special-shaped column. The special-shaped column consists of three single columns with rectangular cross-section and L-shaped arrangement. The single column is fastened with U-shaped connectors and L-shaped connectors by tapping screws. The connection joints of the special-shaped column are all connected by tapping screws without welding at all. The system has the advantages: small environmental pollution, low operation difficulty, low cost, easy purchase of steel, easy transportation of components and easy prefabricating process, which meets the development needs of the National Rural Revitalization Strategy for green residential construction. Then, based on the new structure system, this paper establishes the calculation model of the housing project with the help of PKPM, completes the structure analysis and design of the housing project, obtains various structural indexes and deformation diagrams under different conditions, and designs and checks the joints with reference to relevant specifications. Finally, this paper summarizes the difficulties encountered in the construction process. In order to solve the difficulties encountered in construction: the construction work surface of beam-column joints and beam-beam joints is high and the operation at high altitude is difficult and there are potential safety hazards; the installation of the new system avoids large-scale machinery as far as possible, and the manual direct lifting component is too difficult to operate, which is easy to damage the joint during lifting and has potential safety hazards. Three key construction techniques are proposed: simplified connection method of tapping screw joint, double-ladder lifting method and temporary fixing measures for frame lifting. The simplified connection method of self-tapping screw joint improves the efficiency and accuracy of connection of self-tapping screw joint and the safety of construction. The double-ladder lifting method reduces the difficulty of lifting the components manually, avoids the damage of the joint during lifting and improves the efficiency and safety of lifting the components. Temporary fixing measures for frame lifting avoid frame rollover during manual lifting and improve the safety of frame lifting. The above three key technologies improve the efficiency and safety of the new simple prefabricated special-shaped column structure in the construction process.