Introduction to the European Civil Engineering Standard System
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摘要: 系统地阐述了欧洲土木工程建设标准体系的架构组成、第一代和第二代欧洲结构设计标准(Eurocodes)的发展历程、主要特点及创新内容。自1975年第一代Eurocodes启动以来,经过近40年的发展,已成为欧盟及多个非欧盟国家采用的权威性土木工程建设设计标准,该标准凭借其系统性、通用性和多样性等特点,适应了不同国家和地区的技术条件与市场需求。第二代Eurocodes在继承上一代标准的基础上,拓宽了应用范围,纳入了更多的高性能材料与设计方法,体系的创新性架构和内容更新,既反映了当前最新的技术水准与市场需求,也增强了用户友好性,并加强了标准的一致性。此外,第二代Eurocodes还包含了既有结构的鉴定评估与更新改造、气候变化影响和结构坚固性内容,体现了新一代标准与时俱进的特点。汲取欧洲工程建设标准体系的经验,对于改革与完善我国的工程建设标准体系、提升国际化水平,助力企业“走出去”、增强在全球市场上的核心竞争力,具有重要意义。
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关键词:
- 土木工程建设标准体系 /
- 欧洲标准化委员会(CEN) /
- 欧洲结构设计标准 /
- 第二代 Eurocodes
Abstract: This paper systematically elaborated on the structure and composition of the European civil engineering construction standard system, the development process of the first and second generations of Eurocodes, their main characteristics, and their innovative content. Since the launch of the first generation of Eurocodes in 1975, after nearly 40 years of development, it has become the authoritative civil engineering construction design standard adopted by the EU and several non-EU countries. Relying on its systematic, universal, and diverse features, the standards meet the technical requirements and market demands of different countries and regions. The second generation of Eurocodes, building on the previous standard, has expanded its scope of application, incorporating more high-performance materials and design methods. The innovative framework and content updates of the standard system not only reflect the latest technological advancements and market demands but also enhance user-friendliness and strengthen the consistency across standards. In addition, the second generation of Eurocodes includes content related to the appraisal and retrofitting of existing structures, the impact of climate change, and structural robustness, demonstrating the up-to-date nature of the new generation of standards. Drawing on the experience of the European engineering construction standard system is of great significance for reforming and improving China’s engineering construction standards, enhancing their internationalization, supporting enterprises in "going global", and strengthening their core competitiveness in the global market. -
[1] Eurocodes family[EB/OL]. https://eurocodes.jrc.ec.europa.eu/en-eurocodes/eurocodes-family. [2] Product standards[EB/OL]. https://eurocodes.jrc.ec.europa.eu/policies-standards/en-eurocodes-and-related-standards#product-standards. [3] Test Standards[EB/OL]. https://eurocodes.jrc.ec.europa.eu/policies-standards/en-eurocodes-and-related-standards#test-standards. [4] Execution standards[EB/OL]. https://eurocodes.jrc.ec.europa.eu/policies-standards/en-eurocodes-and-related-standards#execution-standards. [5] ETA database[EB/OL]. https://www.eota.eu/etassessments. [6] EUR-Lex,Regulation(EU)No 305/ 2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing Council Directive 89/ 106/EEC Text with EEA relevance[EB/OL]. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2011/305/oj/eng [7] ETAGs(archive)[EB/OL]. https://www.eota.eu/etags-archive. [8] SCI steel knowledge[EB/OL]. https://portal.steel-sci.com/documents.html [9] 英国标准化协会(BSI). 欧洲结构设计标准(Eurocodes)中文版[M].欧洲结构设计标准译审委员会,译. 北京:人民交通出版社股份有限公司,2019. [10] 陶洪辉. 欧洲规范最新体系的研究[J]. 红水河,2009,28(5):50-54,59. [11] M/ 466 EN Programming Mandate Addressed to CEN In the Field of the Structural Eurocodes[Z]. Brussels:2010. [12] M/ 515 EN Mandate for amending existing eurocodes and extending the scope of structural eurocodes[Z]. Brussels:2012. [13] CEN TC 250 N 993. Response to mandate m/515(mandate for amending existing eurocodes and extending the scope of structural Eurocodes)“Towards a second Generation of EN Eurocodes”[Z]. Brussels:2013. [14] CEN TC 250 N 1250. Policy guidelines and procedures(version 9.1)[Z]. Brussels:2020. [15] CEN/TC 250 N 3659. Letter-Timeline for the evolution of the EN Eurocodes[Z].2023. [16] CEN/TC 250 published standards[EB/OL]. https://standards.cen.eu/dyn/www/f?p=205:32:0::::FSP_ORG_ID,FSP_LANG_ID:6231,25&cs= 11 B 1 A 20 E 270 B 4 F 25 D6DA 36 A 8 BF 6EBD 40 F. [17] iTeh Standards[EB/OL]. https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/cen. [18] Genorma[EB/OL]. https://genorma.com/en/cen-european-standards_p10021.html. -
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