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Development of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for Steel Structures
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摘要: 智能建造是我国当前建筑业转型升级的主要方向,主要是将建筑工业化与人工智能等新一代信息技术相融合,提高建筑业的效率、效益和品质,降低人力投入。建筑工业化的重要特征就是将建筑的构部件在工厂预制,然后到现场用机械设备进行安装。因此,构部件在工厂内的制造,是建筑工业化的核心环节之一;要实现智能建造,就需要实现构部件的智能制造。智能制造在制造业中已发展多年且技术日渐成熟,而智能建造在建筑业中尚处于探索阶段;因此,借鉴制造业的发展成果,在建筑构部件的生产环节引入智能制造技术,是当前我国发展智能建造的重要方向。钢结构制造是建筑业中最适于发展智能制造技术的产业之一,钢构件的工厂制造目前已经处于机械化、自动化和数字化深度融合的阶段,并正在与人工智能、物联网和机器人等新一代信息技术结合,逐步向智能制造方向发展。对钢结构的传统制造技术及其与新一代信息技术的融合进行了介绍,并对钢结构智能制造技术的发展进行了展望,以期对我国钢结构智能制造的发展提供参考。Abstract: Intelligent construction is the main direction for the transformation and upgrading of the current construction industry. It primarily integrates building industrialization with new-generation information techniques, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and industry manufacturing, to improve the efficiency, benefits, and quality of the construction industry while reducing labor costs. An important feature of building industrialization is that building components are prefabricated in factories and then installed on-site using mechanical equipment. Therefore, the manufacturing of components in factories is a core aspect of building industrialization. To achieve intelligent construction, it is essential to realize the intelligent manufacturing of components. Intelligent manufacturing has been developed in the manufacturing industry for many years, and the technology is becoming increasingly mature, whereas intelligent construction is still in the exploratory stage within the construction industry. Therefore, considering the achievements and introducing intelligent technology of the manufacturing industry into the production of building components is a key direction for the development of intelligent construction. The manufacturing of steel structures is one of the construction sectors most suited for the development of intelligent manufacturing technology. The industry production of steel components is currently in a phase of deep integration of mechanization, automation, and digitalization. It is being combined with new-generation information techniques such as AI, the Internet of Things, and robotics, and is gradually evolving toward intelligent manufacturing. This paper introduces the traditional manufacturing technology of steel structures and its integration with new-generation information technology. The future development of intelligent manufacturing technology for steel structures is also explored, aiming to provide a reference for the advancement of intelligent manufacturing in the steel structure industry.
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