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Research on Carbon Emission Accounting and Emission Reduction Strategy of the Whole Life Cycle of Architectural Membrane Structure
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摘要: 膜结构具有绿色环保、可持续发展的优势，是我国实现建筑领域节能减排的重要研究方向。国内外暂无对于建筑膜结构的碳迹追踪、碳排放核算以及碳排放因子统计等方面的研究。基于上述背景，该研究旨在提出建筑膜结构全生命周期碳排放计算策略，并分析影响排放的关键因素。通过采用综合性的碳排放评估方法，结合生命周期评估方法（Life Cycle Assessment, LCA）和碳源追踪计算，对某典型建筑膜结构的全生命周期进行了详细研究，并建立不同阶段的碳排放计算模型来核算各个阶段的碳排放量。研究表明，在该膜结构工程中膜材生产阶段所产生的碳排放量为8 621.61 kgCO2e，占比为79.75%，是结构全寿命周期内的主要碳排放来源；其次是施工阶段，占比为16.53%，运输阶段和服役拆除阶段占比较少；建议膜结构应进一步在生产阶段优化生产工艺，采用节能技术和设备、可再生能源，减少材料生产过程中的碳排放。本研究为膜结构的碳核算提供了重要数据参考，为膜结构的高质量可持续发展提供了重要支撑。Abstract: Membrane structure has the advantages of green environmental protection and sustainable development, and is an important research direction for China to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction in the field of buildings. There are no studies on carbon trace tracking, carbon emission accounting, and carbon emission factor statistics of building membrane structures at home and abroad. Based on the above background, this study aims to propose a calculation strategy for the carbon emissions of the whole life cycle of building membrane structures and analyze the key factors affecting emissions. By adopting a comprehensive carbon emission assessment method, combined with Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and carbon source tracking calculation, the whole life cycle of a typical building membrane structure was studied in detail, and carbon emission calculation models at different stages were established to calculate the carbon emissions at each stage. The results show that the carbon emissions generated in the production stage of the membrane structure project are 8 621.61 kgCO2e, accounting for 79.75%, which is the main source of carbon emissions in the whole life cycle of the structure, followed by the construction stage, accounting for 16.53%, and the transportation stage and service dismantling stage accounted for a small proportion; It is suggested that the membrane structure should further optimize the production process in the production stage, adopt energy-saving technology and equipment, and renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions in the production process of materials. This study provides an important data reference for the carbon accounting of membrane structures, and provides important support for the high-quality and sustainable development of membrane structures.
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