摘要:
杭州奥体中心亚运三馆体育游泳馆钢屋盖可分为游泳馆屋盖、中央大厅屋盖和体育馆屋盖三个部分，采用大跨度斜交斜放单层和双层网壳结构体系，其中游泳馆和体育馆屋盖又可分为双层网壳、单层网壳、分界桁架、门拱桁架等，中央大厅屋盖可分为单层网壳和2个斗形体结构。钢结构屋盖跨度大、造型复杂，钢结构构件以箱型弯扭构件为主，钢屋盖安装采用"大型行走式塔吊分块吊装与局部液压整体提升"的施工方案来完成钢结构屋盖的施工。
首先介绍了钢结构安装的总体思路，将钢结构分为三大区和5个施工分区，吊装区和提升区进行交叉施工并最后进行分区卸载。其次应用MIDAS软件中的累计模型分析方法，变截面构件采用梁分段模拟，对钢结构安装和拆撑卸载进行全过程仿真分析，重点阐述各施工分区安装和卸载过程的控制工况的应力和变形，分析了各阶段的最大应力和最大变形，并与设计状态下的应力和变形进行比较，钢结构在卸载安装完成后其应力和变形满足JGJ 7-2010《空间网格结构技术规程》的要求，能够保证施工过程的安全。然后通过选择游泳馆、体育馆和中央大厅跨中弦杆作为应力的控制单元，以及1/2跨和1/4跨的结点作为竖向变形的控制点，对施工过程中应力和变形进行全过程分析，发现游泳馆、体育馆以及中央大厅控制单元的应力和控制点的变形在拆撑卸载过程中变化较大，其余施工阶段对它们影响较小。最后对体育馆和游泳馆中间提升区域的提升施工进行分析，发现：杆件应力比较大的区域发生在提升点附近，当拆撑卸载后其应力比降低，满足施工安全要求。施工全过程仿真分析结果验证了施工方法的可行性，整个施工过程的应力和位移响应均满足施工的安全要求。由于游泳馆、中央大厅以及体育馆三个单体的结构边界刚度较大，施工过程相互影响较小，验证了分区安装和分区卸载的施工方法可行性。
关键词:
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双层网壳 /
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单层网壳 /
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吊装 /
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提升 /
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卸载
Abstract:
The steel roof project of the three Asian games stadiums of Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center was divided into three parts:natatorium roof, central hall roof and gymnasium roof. It was composed of single layer and double layer reticulated shell. Among them natatorium and gymnasium roof was also divided into double-layer reticulated shell, single-layer reticulated shell, junction truss and gate arch structure and so on. And the roof of the central hall was divided into a single-layer reticular shell and two bucket structure. The roof has large span and complex shape that its members were mainly box-type bending and torsion members. The construction plan that was large walking tower crane block lifting and local hydraulic integral lifting was adopted.
This paper first introduced the general idea of steel structure installation that steel structure divided into three areas and five construction areas, lifting area and lifting area for cross construction and finally for sectional unloading.Secondly, the whole process of steel structure installation including installation and unloading was simulated with MIDAS software. The stress and deformation analysis of the control conditions in each construction zone was emphatically analyzed, and compared with the stress and deformation in the designed state. The control points of vertical deformation were selected by selecting the chord of the middle span of the natatorium, gymnasium and central hall as the stress control unit, and 1/2 span and 1/4 span as the control points of vertical deformation. The changing of stress and deformation during construction was analyzed, its result showed that unloading step was key working condition of control. Finally, the paper introduced the analysis of lifting construction of the lifting area, the result showed that a member with high stress was near the lifting point in the large area, and the stress ratio decreased after and unloading, so as to meet the safety requirements of construction. The simulation results of the whole construction process verified the feasibility of the construction method, due to the large structural boundary stiffness of the natatorium, the central hall and the gymnasium, the construction process had little influence on each other that also verified the feasibility of the construction method of partition installation and partition unloading.
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