Atmospheric Corrosion of Weathering Steels for Assembly Steel Structure
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摘要: 装配式建筑钢结构具有节能、环保、资源可循环利用的特点,符合我国未来建筑发展方向。但普通钢材易受腐蚀,钢材表面防腐是目前钢结构设计中必须考虑的内容。由于防腐作业成本高,并且除锈产生粉尘,涂料有机化学物质、镀层金属对大气及土壤产生污染,是制约建筑钢结构发展的重要因素。故开发免涂装新型钢材,降低加工成本,减少环境污染,对于建筑钢结构发展具有重大意义。为此,在钢中添加Ni、Cr、Cu合金元素满足材料耐大气腐蚀性能要求,结合型钢轧制工艺特点,采用V微合金化,轧后冷却过程中V (C,N)弥散析出强化,研发了Q390级抗震耐候热轧H型钢(Q390NHD),采用周浸对比试验研究了其耐蚀性,分析了在大气中长期暴露的腐蚀问题,论证了耐候钢作为装配式建筑钢结构材料的可行性。Q390NHD级型钢的主要化学成分范围:m(C)≤0.12%,m(Si)≤0.50%,m(Mn)≤1.50%,0.20%≤m(Ni)≤0.65%,0.30%≤m(Cr)≤1.25%,0.20%≤m(Cu)≤0.55%,m(V)≤0.12%;力学性能:下屈服强度ReL在400 MPa以上,抗拉强度Rm在560~600 MPa之间,屈强比不大于0.80,短比例试样断后伸长率不小于25%,-20℃夏比冲击功不小于34 J/cm2,满足GB 50017—2017《钢结构设计标准》中采用抗震性能化设计的钢结构构件材料性能要求。72 h周浸试验中,Q390NHD钢的腐蚀速率为1.665 g/(m2·h),是普碳钢的47.0%,其耐蚀性是普通钢的2倍多,与09CuPCrNiA相当。参照ISO 11844-1∶2006标准分析,Q390NHD型钢70 a的腐蚀厚度,若按照室内腐蚀性IC3级给出的腐蚀速率上限估算,总腐蚀量不超过0.031 mm;达到IC4级时,不超过0.3 mm;即使室内最严重腐蚀情况(IC5级),也不超过0.7 mm。因此,只要适当增加腐蚀裕量,在我国大部分地区,将Q390NHD钢应用于普通民用办公及住宅钢结构建筑中是可以免涂装的。Abstract: Assembly steel structure buildings with characterization of energy saving, environmental protection and source recycling, are in line with the future development direction of Chinese buildings. But, steel corrosion protection have to be concerned in the steel structure design since ordinary steels are susceptible to corrosion. The high cost of rust cleaning and air and soil pollution caused by powders during rust cleaning, organic chemicals or deposited metals of corrosion protection coatings, restrict the development of steel structure buildings. Because of cost saving and reduction of environmental pollution, the research and development of new self corrosion protection steels without additional coatings is of great significance to the development of steel structure buildings. Therefore, Q390 weathering and anti-seismic hot-rolled H-section steel named Q390NHD, was developed with the addition of Ni, Cr and Cu alloy elements to meet the requirements of atmospheric corrosion resistance, and with vanadium micro-alloying, V (C, N) precipitation strengthening during cooling process after hot rolling, combined with the characteristics of section steel hot rolling process. The corrosion resistance was studied by periodic immersed comparison test, and corrosion problem during long term atmospheric exposure was analyzed, and the feasibility of the use of Q390NHD steel without coatings in the assembly steel structure buildings was demonstrated. The chemical contents of Q390NHD section steel are mainly composed of m(C) ≤ 0. 12,m(Si) ≤ 0. 50,m(Mn) ≤ 1. 50,0. 20≤ m(Ni) ≤0. 65,0. 30≤m(Cr) ≤1. 25,0. 20≤m(Cu) ≤0. 55,m(V) ≤0. 12 and so on. The mechanical properties of Q390NHD steel are as follow, lower yield strength ReL is above 400 MPa, tensile strength Rm was botween 560-600 MPa, yield ratio was not more than 0. 80, elongation with short proportional specimens not less than 25%, and V-notch impact test energy at - 20 ℃ was not less than 34 J/cm2, which meet the requirements of anti-seismic design of steel structure parts assigned in Chinese standard GB 50017—2017 Standard Design of Steel Structure. The corrosion rate of Q390NHD steel for the 72h period immersed test was 1. 665g/(m2·h), 47% of ordinary steel's, which meant the former corrosion resistance was more than 2 times of the latter, equivalent to that of 09CuPCrNiA steel. According to ISO 11844-1 ∶2006 standard, the 70 year total corrosion thickness of Q390NHD steel is not more than 0. 031 mm at inner corrosivity class IC3, less than 0. 3 mm at the more severe class IC4, and below 0. 7 mm at the most severe class IC5. So, the new developed steel, Q390NHD, can be used without coating in steel structure buildings for common offices and residences in most part of China.
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Key words:
- assembly steel structure building /
- weathering steel /
- no coatings
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